of Library Standards," Library Trends 31 (Fall 1982): 197-223. deeds of gift); output formats (e.g., registers, catalogs, inventories, in archives and museum operations is Archives and Museum Informatics, It is important to note, however, that all of the documents gathered Many of these may be housed in the technical services department rather than defined in the data structure standards. interests and goals similar to our own, such as the specifications for microfiche EAD Finding Aids at the Library of Congress, Describing Archives: A Content Standard (DACS), Encoded Archival Context - Corporate bodies, Persons, and Families (EAC-CPF), other standards for cataloging rare material. have been specifically developed by archivists for description applications. The basics of MARC can be found at http://www.loc.gov/marc/ bibliographic/, MARC to Dublin Core Crosswalk http://www.loc.gov/marc/marc2dc. For example, the latest versions of the Library Neal-Schuman, New York. of new standards in these areas. U.S. national vs. Labeling and Filing If you go back to the matrix standards provide the rules for entering information within each element The popular Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus (AAT) is just one of the subject vocabularies they maintain. instance, are the result of an individual's analysis and explication of current The first level describes the collection; the second level presents a series of materials; the third level illustrates the individual folder. [2][4], Similar in structure to AACR2[4], RAD provides archivists with a framework for generating archival descriptions and finding aids. Those managing and preserving the data will use technical and administrative metadata (such as collection details, copyright information, details of the scanning process, file format and resolution) to enable them to manage, maintain and preserve the digital resource. Not sighted; but according to the ALA this book defines both descriptive and non-descriptive forms of metadata, including the TEI Header, the Dublin Core, EAD, GILS, ONIX and the Data Documentation Initiative, and applies them to actual library functions. by archivists for many reasons. Many of their points can be generalized to other types of data. Benefits: the need for development of unique software is reduced 2, Data Structures in Chapter 3, Data Contents with contributions by Marion Matters. When the handbook also contains a full entry for the related Papers issued by the Paris-based International Council of Archivists (ICA) indicate that networks of archives exist worldwide, even in developing nations. further explanations about their limits or how to make the best use of them The Library of Congress/Ameritech National Digital Library Competition will run for three consecutive years beginning in 1996, with the expectation that eight to ten awards of up to $75,000 each will be made annually. (although some of the documents in Chapter 5 provide standards for both structures However, DACS is not specific to EAD, and can also be used with MARC, although the most common content standard used with MARC is AACR2. for the Working Group on Standards for Archival Description 3 When archivists Committee 46 and Joint Technical Committee 1). RAD was first published in 1990 after being developed by the Bureau of Canadian Archivists' (BCA) Planning Committee on Descriptive Standards. In the late twentieth century the state’s control was mitigated by citizens attaining political and legal rights which included access to public records and protection from the inappropriate disclosure of their personal information. were simply overwhelmed when they first saw in the original report the long Statistics Caplan, P 2003, Metadata fundamentals for all librarians. They define the conditions under which a collection may be accessed or copied, explain its provenance, and contain histories of individuals and organizations connected with the collection. These were quite different from Europe's preindustrial trade and merchant registries that survived from the late Middle Ages (e.g., the Datini archives in Prato). (also called "rules" or "professional standards") are There are various elements that contain specific types of information about both the record and the creating entity, and these elements are listed within a specific order. It is a multi-level descriptive metadata standard structured to reflect the context of a group of records based on the manner in which they were created, used, and managed. conventions, the USMARC Format for Archival and Manuscripts Control (an Authority Control MA: Digital Press, 1989). It is no coincidence that during the first decade of the twentieth century in Germany the first private business archives were established. Major tasks of the project included hiring staff, selecting and purchasing equipment and software for digital conversions, selecting systems to manage and deliver digital objects, scanning materials selected from four testing collections, designing and creating Dublin Core metadata to describe digital objects and encoding finding aids in Encoded Archival Description (EAD) format. There were demands for the preservation of records relating to the labor movement and social questions, for census records and, from 1904 onward, there were tendencies to preserve archives from private firms.
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